In fact, there is only one alternative theory of the Big Bang – this is the theory of an eternal and infinite Universe in eternal cycles: gas-stars-gas-…, stars- white dwarfs, neutron stars – gas – …, hydrogen – helium – heavy elements – hydrogen-… .
The theory of the divine creation of the Universe is the sister of the Big Bang theory, because, after all, it does not matter whether the universe was created by divine providence or physical fantasy.
Another alternative to the Big Bang was put forward – the Bondi-Gold-Hoyle theory of continuous creation, which tried to combine the expansion of the Universe with its apparent immutability.