Space cannot expand faster than the speed of light (“the speed of expansion of space” is generally a confusing term, to determine “speed” you need to at least set the size/volume of space).
You probably meant the fact that there are objects (located behind the Hubble sphere) that are moving away from the observer (i.e. from us) at a speed greater than the speed of light.
Yes, such a fact takes place. But this is NOT “the expansion of space faster than the speed of light.”
Planets with two suns, such as in Star Wars, are not uncommon, especially on a cosmic scale. Three suns are much rarer, however, there are such cases.
The question of how many suns a planet can have in principle is quite complicated. The fact is that the approximate distance at which the stars stop interacting is tens of thousands of astronomical units. Within these limits, even objects that are very far from each other are connected by invisible forces, which are also constantly distorted due to the effects of black holes. Nevertheless, the equilibrium point can theoretically be found.
The Polish astronomer, who calculated the location of the “three-sun” planet back in 2007, believes that this is not surprising. “As long as the companion stars do not prevent the planet from forming, such a system will be stable. I see no reason why, for example, five—star systems that are in gravitational equilibrium cannot exist,” he believes.
American researchers cite our Solar System as an example, in which there are many moons, but 9 satellites of Jupiter do not affect the Earth in any way. So the stars, being in the same system, may not have a destructive effect on their planet.
Now there are more than 3,000 active satellites in Earth orbit, and the same number of those that have already failed. In total, there are more than 100 million fragments in near-Earth orbits. These fragments are space debris ranging in size from 1 mm.
The dimensions of near-Earth space are quite large. But if we consider this space in numbers, taking into account the various possible heights even for satellites in low Earth orbit, from 160 to 2,000 km above the Earth’s surface, 1 satellite or object accounts for about 13,000 cubic kilometers. This is not so much, a little more than half the volume of Lake Baikal. And given the speed of more than 28,000 km per hour with which they move, and how many times a day such debris and satellites rotate around the Earth, the chances of a collision will be quite large.
For example, in 2009, the Iridium satellite collided with a spent space device. The results of this accident are the destruction of the satellite and 2,300 elements of large space debris in near—Earth space that threaten the space infrastructure.
The new planet was named TOY-1431 b and has quite impressive dimensions. It is about three times more massive than Jupiter and is located near a bright star that heats its atmosphere during the daytime to 2,700 °C. During the night, TOI-1431b cools down only to 2,300 °C.
The author of the study, Dr. Brenn Addison from the astrophysical Center of the University of Southern Queensland, said that the conditions on this planet are really “hellish”. No life forms can exist on it. Most of the metal reserves at the facility evaporated under the influence of extreme temperatures. According to the scientist, such planets belong to “super-hot Jupiters” and are rare. In fact, it is a gas giant, so in reality it does not have a solid surface, like other planets in the Solar System. In other words, it is a big and deep atmosphere.
What is a smell? Or rather, how the human sense of smell works – in the process of breathing through the nose, together with the air, the molecules of substances contained in it enter the human body, to which olfactory receptors react.
In space (or rather in outer space) there are no conditions for the transfer of these molecules, and a gas medium of sufficient density that will allow a person to draw these molecules inside himself.
Theoretically, if it is directed to bombard a person’s nose with a stream of molecules, then probably some kind of smell can be felt, but a person cannot live at zero pressure. And the speed of flight of atoms and molecules in outer space is such that it will simply destroy the olfactory receptor before it has time to react.
So space doesn’t smell.
Now scientists will start working on the project in detail, the launch is scheduled for the mid-2030s
LISA will consist of three spacecraft located at a distance of 2.5 million kilometers from each other. The devices will be “connected” by laser beams that allow measuring the curvature of space-time. Such a giant interferometer detector larger than the Earth is needed to detect gravitational waves from supermassive black holes, and from events that occurred shortly after the Big Bang – they all produce gravitational waves of very low frequency.
The star K2-138 is located at a distance of 792 light-years from our planet. It is colder than the Sun. Back in 2018, astronomers received data about the star using the Kepler orbiting telescope. Then they determined that five planets revolve around the star K2-138. It also turned out that the planets revolve around their star in concentric circles, forming a densely packed planetary system, unlike our elliptical and vast Solar System.
Recently, researchers again analyzed data on the star K2-138. As a result, they were able to record a sixth planet, the existence of which they did not suspect a few years ago.
Earth doesn’t have to be the best planet in the universe. There are already two dozen known planets outside our Solar System that may have conditions more suitable for life than on Earth.
Potential “superhabitable” planets may be significantly older, slightly larger, slightly warmer, and possibly wetter than Earth. Life could also develop more easily on planets that orbit slowly changing stars with longer lifespans than our Sun. All 24 main contenders for the title of “super-survivability” are located at a distance of more than 100 light-years from us.
Being habitable does not mean that there is definitely life on these planets, it’s just conditions conducive to life.
Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, is distinguished by landscapes very similar to those on Earth: rivers and lakes, canyons and sand dunes. The difference is that on Titan, this landscape is formed by radically different substances from those on Earth: liquid methane flows through the riverbeds, and sand dunes are formed by other hydrocarbon compounds.
For a long time, the scientific world could not understand how all these elements of the unearthly landscape were formed, and most importantly, how they were maintained. The fact is that hydrocarbon compounds are significantly more fragile in comparison with the silicon compounds prevailing on Earth. Nitrogen winds and liquid methane were supposed to turn Titanium deposits into fine dust, unable to form relief elements.
A group of scientists from the USA probably found answers to many questions. In their opinion, the landscape of Titan could have been formed due to a combination of agglomeration (sintering) of materials, the action of wind and the change of seasons. The key to the discovery turned out to be ooids — spherical or granular mineral deposits that are found on Earth. These deposits are formed as a result of the destruction of large silicate formations, for example, stones. On the one hand, various minerals are deposited on ooids, on the other, grains are subject to further destruction under the influence of water and winds. At some point, the processes of deposition and destruction balance each other, and the ooids retain a constant size, and when transferred by the forces of the elements to new places, they again form large structures.
Scientists have suggested that similar mechanisms may work on Titan.
The Arab station Al Amal has discovered a new type of auroras on Mars, called winding discrete auroras. They are characterized by a large extent and were observed in the ultraviolet wavelength range, according to the mission’s Twitter account.
Sinuous discrete auroras extend for several thousand kilometers, from the day to the night side of Mars, are born in the upper atmosphere and look like long, worm-like structures. Excited atoms of the atmosphere, for example, oxygen, are responsible for their radiation. These auroras were observed during the arrival of solar plasma streams to Mars, which is why the atmosphere was affected by faster and more turbulent flows of solar wind electrons.
